This may either be shown as a payment number (i.e., Payment 1, Payment 2, etc.) or a date (i.e. This column helps a borrower and lender understand which payments will be broken down in what ways.
However, each row on an amortization represents a payment so if a loan is due bi-weekly or quarterly, the period will be the same. The period is the timing of each loan payment, often represented on a monthly basis.